
Early Life and Background
- Full Name: Anil Krishna Biswas
- Stage Name: Anil Biswas
- Birth Date: July 7, 1914
- Birth Place: Barisal, British India (now in Bangladesh)
- Nationality: Indian
- Occupation: Music Director, Composer, Playback Singer
- Active Years: 1935–1965
Anil Biswas, often referred to as the “Bhishma Pitamah” of Bollywood Music, was a pioneering music composer who introduced orchestration, choral effects, and melodic structures that shaped early Indian film music.
Musical Career
Early Career (1930s–1940s)
- Started as a singer and composer for stage performances and Bengali theatre.
- First major break in Bollywood: Dharma Ki Devi (1935).
- Worked with Bombay Talkies and later Mehboob Khan’s production house.
Key Films and Songs
Jawani Ki Reet (1939) – Prem Nagar Mein Basoongi Ghar Main
Kismat (1943) – Door Hato Ae Duniya Walo (A patriotic song against British rule)
Roti (1942) – Roti! Roti! Roti!
Anokha Pyar (1948) – Meri Pyari Patang
Lajawab (1950) – Aaj Himalay Ki Choti Se
Golden Era (1950s–1960s)
- Introduced classical raagas, folk music, and Western harmonies in Hindi film songs.
- Revolutionized playback singing, guiding singers like Mukesh, Talat Mahmood, and Lata Mangeshkar.
- Worked with top lyricists like Prem Dhawan, Sahir Ludhianvi, and Majrooh Sultanpuri.
Notable Films and Hit Songs
Tarana (1951) – Seene Mein Sulagte Hain Arman
Aaram (1951) – Shukriya Aye Pyaar Tera Shukriya
Jalti Nishani (1952) – Aye Jane Wafa
Hamlet (1954) – Guzar Gaya Woh Zamana Kaisa
Unique Musical Style
- First to introduce multi-layered orchestration in Bollywood.
- Developed background scoring to enhance the emotional depth of scenes.
- Blended Hindustani classical music with folk tunes and Western harmonies.
Later Career and Contributions
- Shifted focus to All India Radio (AIR) and composed non-film music.
- Became the Music Director of AIR Delhi, promoting classical and regional music.
- Mentored young musicians and encouraged new singing talent.
Awards and Recognitions
Sangeet Natak Akademi Award – Contribution to Indian Music
Lata Mangeshkar Award – Lifetime Achievement
Filmfare Special Award – Honored posthumously
Personal Life
- Married to Meena Kapoor (playback singer).
- Passionate about poetry and literature.
- Lived a simple and intellectual life, avoiding Bollywood’s glamour.
Death and Legacy
- Died: May 31, 2003, in New Delhi.
- Remembered as a pioneer in Indian film music.
- His influence is seen in later composers like Salil Chowdhury, R. D. Burman, and A. R. Rahman.
SOCIAL MEDIA LINKS :
YOUTUBE : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hELY4ZzltaY&pp=ygUWQW5pbCBCaXN3YXMgIGludGVydmlldw%3D%3D